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 First major split between colonists and Great Britain O Challenged colonial elites who through the assemblies they controlled, already established power over the O Aspect of British army permanently stationed in America was alarming O Resented by publishers, writers, readers, those who followed political affairs O Act required that all printed material produced in colonies (newspapers, books, court documents,Ĭommercial papers, land deeds, almanac) have a stamp purchases from authorities

 Parliament attempted to raise money from direct taxes in colonies, rather than regulation of trade  Sugar Act was an effort to strengthen the Navigation Act O Colonists saw act not as a reduction in taxes but as an attempt to get them to pay a levy they would have O Currency Act: reaffirmed ban on paper as legal tender  Smugglers subjected to trial with no jury  Reduce colonial jury acquittals of those violating Navigation act O Strengthened admiralty courts (courts with jurisdiction over the sea) O Reduced taxes on molasses imported to North American from 6 pence to 3 pence per gallon O Introduced by Prime Minister George Grenville  Sugar Act: 1764 decision by Parliament to tax refined sugar and many other colonial products The Seven Years’ War) Taxing the Colonies O Proclamation of 1763: barred further settlement on lands west of Appalachian Mountains (entire reason for O Writs of assistance: allowed unlimited search warrants without cause to look for evidence of smuggling O Americans insisted they were unrepresented in Parliament-therefore, could not be taxed O Each member or Parliament represented the whole empire, not just their district Parliament, were “virtually” represented by all members of Parliament

 Virtual Representation: The idea that the American colonies, although they had no actual representative in O Stop cheating treasury by violating Navigation Act O Help pay back war expenses (150 million borrowed = tens of trillions today) O Be grateful to empire for fighting 7 Years’ War  British political leaders supported new laws in America  Rule more efficiently and systematically O After war (mid 1760s) colonies were viewed as subordinate again-to enrich mother country and:  Great Britain and colonies were allies during 7 Years War Chapter 5: The American Revolution The Crisis Begins What were the roots and significance of the Stamp Act controversy? Consolidating the Empire